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point of view

Stakeholders in the construction and demolition supply chain More secondary construction products with higher
often indicate that end-of-waste criteria are a precondition for characteristics and higher value can be developed from CDW.
development of a market of secondary construction materials. In The case of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) epitomises
countries where end-of-waste criteria are in place, practitioners perfectly this potential. Since many years, successful researches
are encouraged to work with them. and pilot applications of RCA from selected crushed CDW have
been developed. RCA replace gravel or sand from primary
4.4 Marketing Recycled Aggregates in Road, sources and the technical performance of recycled aggregates
in concrete have extensively been researched and tested.
Infrastructure and Concrete Uses
CDW recyclers shall gain and maintain their customers’ trust For use in structural concrete for buildings or civil works, quality
to provide local road and infrastructure projects with recycled concerns towards RCA are more sensitive than for other uses
materials tailored to these needs and, for which they can expect and explain conservatism of potential users and prescribers.
selling prices as high as those for primary materials.
In France, the National Project for Research and Development
Successful recycled CDW marketing is essential to reap the RECYBETON aims to change this trend by re-using all the
benefits from circularity in construction by keeping the value of materials of deconstructed concrete, as components of new
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materials in the economy and maximising returns from each kilo concrete or hydraulic binders, including the fine particles .
of CDW. In the Netherlands where a solid regulatory framework banning
landfilling of CDW has been in place for long, a large practical
Today, most of secondary aggregates find their uses as base experience combined to national technical requirements allows
layer materials in road and infrastructure works, representing up the use of RCA for the production of some specific concrete .
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to 20% of the total of this demand .
30
According to the European standard EN 206:2013, up to 50%
use of coarse recycled aggregates in concrete is possible,
depending on the characteristics of the RCA and the
environmental class for the concrete.

Nevertheless, the real potential of RCA is quantitatively limited:
ready-mixed and precast concrete products represent 45% of
the total demand in aggregates while the available resource
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of suitable CDW for RCA, i.e. the clean concrete and stony
fraction, can cover only 12 to 20% of this demand . Whereas 360
34
million tonnes of aggregates were produced in 2014 in France,
the volume of CDW available for recycling as RCA into concrete
has been assessed to 25 million tonnes (i.e. 7% of the total
demand) .
35
4.5 Promotion of CDw Recycling and opening
Construction Markets to Recycled Products
Figure 6: Use of CDW recycled aggregates in horizontal infrastructure Authorities besides the construction actors should promote the
(roads, carpark and foundations for industrial and commercial buildings) use of CDW recycled materials through awareness raising and
near Thionville (France) ©Vincent Basuyau, 2008. information campaigns in order to:

29 Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing
of construction products and repealing Council Directive 89/106/EEC Text with EEA relevance, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/
TXT/?uri=CELEX:32011R0305
30 UEPG. (2017). Life Cycle of Aggregates - A resource efficient industry.
31 National Project for Research and Development RECYBETON. https://www.pnrecybeton.fr/en/
32 FIR Fédération Internationale du Recyclage. Technical Factsheets Construction & Demolition Waste Recycled Aggregates (example The
Netherlands).
33 UEPG Annual Review 2017-2018 - A Sustainable Industry for a Sustainable Europe.
34 Duin L., Best A., (2018) Ecologic Institute. Sustainable Building: A Case Study on Concrete Recycling in France
35 L. Mongeard, D. Collonge, F. Jezequel, Disponibilité et variabilité des granulats recyclés en France. Dans : de Larrard F. et Colina H. (Dir.), Le béton
recyclé. Marne-la-Vallée : Ifsttar, 2018. Ouvrages Scientifiques, OSI4.
36 Basuyau V. (1986) L’installation de recyclage de déchets de démolition de la SLAM à Sucy-en-Brie.

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