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TECHNICAL PAPER

WEATHERING POTENTIAL Highly resistant Not resistant Not resistant Not resistant Highly resistant Highly resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Not resistant Not resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant - - - - - - Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant Resistant

REACTIVITY Inert Reactive Reactive Reactive Inert Inert Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Metastable Metastable Reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive - - - - - - Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not reactive Not react

HARDNESS- MOHS’ SCALE 7 4.5 to 6.5 6 to 7 7 6 to 7 6.5 6 6 6 to 6.5 6 6 3 3.5 to 4 3 3.5 to 4 3.5 to 5 3.5 t 4 5 to 6 5 to 6 5 to 6 5.5 to 6.5 6.5 to 7 6.5 6.5 5.5 2.5 to 3 2 to 2.5 2 to 2.5 2.5 to 4 2 to 2.5 1 to 2.0 1 to 1.5 1,5 to 2.0 2 3 to 3.5 5.5 to 6.5 6 5.5 to 6 6 to 6.5 4 6 to 6.5 5 to 5.5 5.5 to 6 7.5 5 5 to 5.5 2.5 4 5 8 9

Colourless -white to pink to black Colourless -white to pink to black Colourless -white to pink to black Colourless -white to pink to black White, gray and green White, pink (salmon) and turbid Dull white to salmon pink Colourless to white to dark or black Colourless to white to pale yellow White to pink to brown White gray, yellow or brown Black and or dark green Black and or dark green Colourless to grey to green Greenish black or brown to black White to gray

COLOUR Colourless Colourless White and gray Dull white to dark Colourless Light to dark brown Gray or green White to green White to green Colourless to green Green to yellow Deep green White White to gray Pearly yellow to dark Colourless or white Colourless Black Iron black Brass yellow Brownish bronze Colorless to gray White to blue White Colorless to purple Colourless to gray

SiO 2 . nH 2 O; Hydrous and amorphous (Mineraloid) (K, Na) 0-1 (Ca, Na, Fe, Mg) 2 (Mg, Fe, Al) 5 (Si, Al) 8 O 22 (OH) 2 (Ca, Mg, Fe, Na) (Mg, Fe, Al) (Si, Al) 2 O 6 (Ca, Na) 0.2-0.4 (Al, Mg, Fe) 2 (Si, Al) 4 O 10 (OH) 2 . n(H 2 O) (Mg, Ca) 0.3-0.4 (Mg, Fe, Al) 3 (Al, Si) 4 O 10 (OH) 2 . n(H 2 O)
Table 3: The rock forming minerals and their properties [1, 7-11, 15-18]

GEO-CHEMISTRY SiO 2 ; Fibrous microcrystalline SiO 2 ; Granular microcrystalline SiO 2 SiO 2 SiO 2 NaAlSi 3 O 8 KAlSi 3 O 8 O 8 CaAl 2 Si 3 ~ (a+b+0.10c) ~ (a+b+0.15c) CaCO 3 (Trigonal) CaCO 3 (Orthorhombic) CaCO 3 (Hexagonal) CaMg (CO 3 ) 2 MgCO 3 FeCO 3 Mg 2 Si 2 O 6 O 6 CaMg Si 2 NaAlSi 2 O 6 Mg 2 SiO 4 Fe 2 SiO 4 CaMg SiO4 K(Mg, Fe) 3 (AlSi 3 O 10 )(OH) 2 KAl 2 (AlSi 3 O 10 )(OH) 2 (Mg, Fe, Al) 6 (Si, Al) 4 O 10 (OH) 8 K(Li, Al) 2-3 (AlSi 3 O 10

MINERAL (SPECIFIC GRAVITY) αQuartz (2.65) Opal (1.9 to 2.3) Chalcedony (2.6 to 2.65) Flint (2.65) Tridymite (2.28) Cristobalite (2.33) Albite (2.62) (a) Orthoclase/microcline (2.56/2.62) (b) Anorthite (2.76) (c) Plagioclase Alkali feldspar Calcite (2.71) Aragonite (2.94) Vaterite (2.54 to 2.66) Dolomite (2.85) Magnesite (3.0) Siderite (3.96) Amphibole - Hornblende (3 to 3.5) Pyroxenes Solid solution-Augite (3.2 to 3.4) Orthopyroxenes-Enstatite (3.2 to 3.5) Cli

CLASSIFICATION Silica (SiO 2 ) Feldspars (Ca, Na, K) (Al, Si) 4 O 8 Carbonates Ferromagnesian Micaceous Clay Sulphate Iron oxide Iron sulphate Zeolite Others

THE INDIAN CONCRETE JOURNAL | AUGUST 2022 9