Page 18 - ICJ Jan 2026

TECHNICAL PAPER

7. CONCLUDING REMARKS that, while this scientific autobiography may seem to credit
the accomplishments to an individual, they have always been
The article presents several new observations in the field of a team effort. While I may not be able to mention the effort of
concrete technology and the science behind them. The key all the individuals who have helped me to this point, I wanted
contributions in concrete science can be summarised as follows: to take some words to acknowledge their part in this scientific

i. Characterisation-based classification using specific surface autobiography.
area and chemical composition presents a stronger
correlation than source-based classification. This can be DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
used for preliminary grouping of new and alternative SCMs.
The relevant data sets will be made available on request.
ii. Food waste as nutrient media, cow dung as foaming agent,
thermo-mechanically treated recycled aggregates, and REFERENCES
fine bone china coarse aggregates have demonstrated
commercial viability at industrial scale applications. [1] Gupta, S., and Chaudhary, S. (2022). “State of the art
Waste tyre rubber and dimensional stone waste have review on supplementary cementitious materials in
demonstrated specialised applications as slip and fall- India-II: Characteristics of SCMs, effect on concrete and
preventing concrete and naturally coloured geopolymers, environmental impact”, Journal of Cleaner Production,
respectively, providing direction towards new industrial Vol. 357, Article No. 131945, pp. 1-19. doi: 10.1016/j.
applications. jclepro.2022.131945

iii. E. Coli DH5α favours strength gain over crack healing [2] Gupta, S., and Chaudhary, S. (2020). “State of the art
abilities. Further investigations with different bacteria can review on supplementary cementitious materials in India-I:
result in the development of bio-cement composites with An overview of legal perspective, governing organizations,
different functional performance. and development patterns”, Journal of Cleaner
iv. Surface irregularities in the abrasion drum improve the Production, Vol. 261, Article No. 121203, pp. 1-16.
abrasive action and adhered mortar removal. The results doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121203
can be used for improving the existing abrasive machines. [3] IS: 15388 (2003). “Specification for silica fume”, Bureau of
v. Rheology of cement pastes can be split into reversible Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
and irreversible changes. The proposed distinct shear rate [4] IS: 3812-2 (2013). “Specification for pulverized fuel ash
protocol can maintain the cement pastes in a broken-down (Part 2): for use as admixture in cement mortar and
state, i.e., without reversible changes, and isolate the concrete”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
irreversible changes in cement rheology.

vi. Different mixing and compaction methods have [5] IS: 12089 (1987). “Specification for granulated slag for the
manufacture of Portland slag cement”, Bureau of Indian
demonstrated an influence on the final properties of the
concrete. While some results can be adopted as they are, Standards, New Delhi, India.
others can be used to improve industrial casting practices. [6] Gupta, S. (2024). “Optimization of sustainable construction
vii. Coupled interaction of exposure scenarios has shown more materials for industrial applications”, PhD Thesis, Report
serious damage to concrete. Further investigations are No. TH607, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore,
needed in the directions to improve failure mechanisms India.
and improve the safety guidelines for the materials. [7] Gupta, V., Pathak, D. K., Chaudhary, S., and Kumar, R.
Monte Carlo simulation presents one of the strategies for (2020). “Raman imaging for measuring homogeneity of dry
developing safety guidelines.
binary blend: Combining microscopy with spectroscopy for
I hope that the discussion will support future innovations in technologists”, Analytical Science Advances, Vol. 1, No. 2,
concrete science and drive sustainable, robust technologies in pp. 89-96. doi: 10.1002/ansa.202000029
the construction industry.
[8] Gupta, V., Pathak, D. K., Siddique, S., Kumar, R., and
Chaudhary, S. (2020). “Study on the mineral phase
8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
characteristics of various Indian biomass and coal fly ash
The scientific autobiography showcases the contributions for its use in masonry construction products”, Construction
made by me, my research group, and other affiliates in the and Building Materials, Vol. 235, No. 2, Article No. 117413,
field of "concrete science". I want to acknowledge the fact pp. 1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117413

80 THE INDIAN CONCRETE JOURNAL | JANUARY 2026